Water-cooling system for internal-combustion engines



7hr ass Jan. 1 1926. 1,569,243

H. STODDARD WATER COOLING SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Feb. 25, 1925 Patented Jan. 12, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HARRY B. STODDARD, or SYRACUSE, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR or ONE-TENTH TO FRANK- J. CRISPIN, or SYRACUSE, NEW YORK.

' wATER-COQLING SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Application filed, February 25, 1925. Serial No. 11,474.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, HARRY B. Srommnn, 'a citizen of theUnited States of America, of Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga, in the State (bf-New York, have invented new and useful linprovements in Tater-Cooling Systems for Internal-Combustion Engines, which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to a water cooling system for internal combustion engines of the water jacket type in which the water from the jacket is caused to. circulate through a suitable radiator.

The mainobject isto cool the heated waterfrom the engine jacket by allowing it to flow through a relatively shallow radiator and forcibly circulating atmospheric air through a relatively large number of vertical air tubes extending through the water chamber of the radiator. I Another object is to provide means where.- by the direction of flow of the air through the tubes may be registered at will.

A further object is to provide means whereby the atmospheric air may be deflected to or from the lower ends of the air tubes. I

other objects and uses relating to specific parts of the cooling. system will be brought out in the following description.

In the drawingst.

Figure 1 s a front elevation of a water cooling system embodying the various featug-es of my invention.

)Figure 2 is an enlarged detail sectional "iew taken on line 2-2, Figure 1.

Figure 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional view taken on line 3-3, Figure 1.

Figure 4- is an enlarged horizontal sectional view taken on line -fl-4, Figure 1.

Figure 5 is an enlarged detail sectional view through the upper portion of the radi ator taken on line 5-5, Figure 1.

As illustrated, this apparatus comprisesan upright water containing shell -1 having lower and upper end heads 2 and 3 forming air and liquid tight joints with the front, rear and side walls of-the shell -1, the lower endof the rear wall of the shell being :provided with a rearwardly extendingngipple l, adapted to be conn'eeted in any suitable manner to the lower part of the water jacket of the engine while the upper rear side of the shell -1.- is provided with a rearwardly extending reservoir --5 having an inlet nipple -6- adapted to be connected in any suitable mannor to the upper portion of the water acket.

The reservoir -5- communicates through an opening'7 with the interior of the upper portion of the shell -l directly below the upper head 3 as shown more clearly in Figure 5 to cooperate with the lower nipple l in establishing a closed cii culating system from the water jacket of the engine to the radiator and return.

A relatively large number of air tubes S-v of comparatively small diameter are extended vertically through the interior of the shell 1- and lower and. upper end heads -2 and 3 in close but spaced parallel relation so as to break up the water space within said shell in the comparatively vertical channels between the adjacent tubes and between said tubes and the walls of the shell and at the same time to permit the water to entirely surround the tubes incomparatively thin films so that the atmospheric air passing through the tubes may effect a rapid transfer of the heat of the water to the air.

These air tubes -,8- are open at the bottom to the atmosphere and at the top into an ,air chamber 9+ which is secured to and forms apart of the radiator shell and also the adjacent side of the water reservoir or container 5, the latter being provided with the usual inlet nipple 10- and radiator cap 11 by which the fresh water may be supplied to the interior of the water circulating system and the latter closed against excessiveevaporation by the cap 11-.

The water reservoir -5- may be provided with. an overflow pipe '12- leading downwardly from a predetermined Water level therein to discharge any excess water above said level.

A suitable .air circulating pump -13- may be installed on the engine frame or other suitable part of the chassis and driven by the engine in any practical manner, not necessary toherein illustrate or describe further than to state that the pump is preferably ofthe centrifugal type having the usual rotary impeller mounted upon a shaft .14t which'in turn may be connected by any suitable gearing or belt to the engine shaft or other rotary part driven by the engine shaft.

An upright air pipe 1,.3 connects the upper air chamber -9-- with an extension -l6 on the outlet of the pumpand is provided with a slide valve -17 for controlling the passage of air therethrough.

The extension -16 projects laterally beyond the upright pipe 15 and is provided with a gate valve -18 similar to the valve 17 for controlling the passage of air from the pump to the atmosphere.

An additional air pipe 19 is connected at its upper end to the pipe 1'5 above the gate valve 17 and has its lower end connected to the intake side of the pump --l3\ said pipe -'l9 being also provided with a gate valve -20-- similar to thevalves -1'Z- and -'18 for controlling the passage of air therethrough.

The lower end of this pipe 19 is preferably T-shaped and has one end connected to the intake of the pump 18 and its other end extended beyond the upright pipe -l9 and provided with a gate valve 2l similar to the valves --1.7, 18-- and 20 for controlling the passage 01 air theret-hroug'h.

An air deflecting plate -22 is pivotally mounted upon suitable brackets 23- on the lower end of the shell 1 directly below the lower head 2 to swing about a horizontal axis and extends entirely across the lower side of the head -2 and adjacent ends of the pipe 8 to be tilted by hand or otherwise to different angles relatively to said pipes so that whentilted to one position as, for example, that shown by full lines in Figure 3, the atmospheric air will be deflected upwardly into the lower ends of the pipes particularly as the machine is driven forwardly to assist the circulation of air through said pipes in the same direction or, if the direction of the flow of the air through the pipe is reversed the plate -22 may be tilted to the position shown by dotted lines for deflecting the down flowing air from the lower ends of the pipes -8 rearwardly thereby assisting the positive circulation of the air by the pump.

The object of the various valves in the pipes l5-, -18, l 9 and 19 is to enable the user to direct the flow of air either from the bottom upwardly through the pipes 8 or from the top downwardly through. said pipes as maybe most elfici'ent for cooling the circulating liquid.

For example, if it is-desired to circulate the air from the bottom upwardly through the tubes -'8-- into the chamber 9 the valve 20 in the pipe 19 leading from the upper portion of the pipe l5 to the intake ot" the pump and also the valve -l 8- in the pump outlet will be opened and the other valves and 2lwill be closed so that the action of the impeller of the pump will draw air upwardly through the tubes S into the chamber 9- and thence through the upper portion of the pipe -15- and pipe l$)- through the open valve 20 and thence through the extension 19- into the intake side of the pump 13- which in turn will expel the air from the pump outwardly through the outlet extension v16 and through the open valve 18- to the atmosphere, this action circulation of the air being maintained as long as the pump is in operation and the valves adjusted as described.

During this operation the deflector plate 22 may be adjusted to the position shown by dotted lines in Figure 3 to augment the upward flow of air through the tubes -8--.

On the other hand if it is desired to circulate the air from the top downwardly through the tubes and outwardly through the lower ends thereof, the previously opened valves l8- and 20 will be closed and the previously closed valves -1'7- and 2l-- will be opened thus permitting the atmospheric air to enter directly through the extension -l9 into intake side of the pump which in turn will force the air thus received into the extension ---l6 and thence upwardly through the pipe I5 past the then opened valve -17 and into the chamber 9 from which it will pass downwardly through the tubes 8 and outwardly through the.

lower ends thereof and in that case the deflector plate 22 may be adjusted to the position shown by dotted lines in Figure 3 for deflecting the out-flowing air downwardly and rearwardly.

This method of controlling the tlow of air in either direction through the tubes '8 is of considerable importance in that the valves l7, IS, -20 and 21 may be adjusted to vary the size of the openings in their respective pipes to regulate the amount of air circulated through the tubes 8 according to the temperature ot the external atmosphere and also the (egree of heat developed in the water circulating system due to the heating ol the engine.

llurthermore, it may be found that the circulating liquid may be kept at a safe temperature by a circulating ot the air through the tubes in one direction while other circulating systems may operate more elficiently by circulating the air in the opposite direction, and this ability to circulate the air in either direction together with the valves which control the direction of circulation and also the amount of air circulated provides a highly fieggibl-e means ofv adjustment of the cooling system according to the requirements of different engines or different external temperatures.

What I claim is:

1. In a cooling system for internal combustion engines having a water jacket, an upright radiator shell having a water chamber communicating with the water jacket of the engine for the circulation of water therethrough, a series of upright air tubes extending vertically through the water chamber and open at the bottom to the atmosphere, an air chamber covering the upper ends of the tubes and communicating therewith, an air pump, a conduit connecting the intake side of the pump to said air chamber, and an additional pipe connecting the outlet of the pump to the atmosphere whereby the air will be positively circulated from the bottom upwardly through the air tubes of the radiator.

2. In a cooling system for internal combustion engines having a water jacket, an upright radiator shell having a water chamber communicating with the water acket of the engine for the circulation of: water therethrough, a series of upright air tubes eX tending vertically through the water chamber and open at the bottom to the atmosphere, an air chamber covering the upper ends of the tubes and communicating therewith, an air pump, a conduit connecting the intake side of the pump to saidair chamber, and an additional pipe connecting the outlet of the pump to the atmosphere whereby the air will be positively circulated from the bottom upwardly through the air tubes or" the radiator, said conduit being provided with a valve for regulating the amount of air passing therethrough. A

3. In a cooling system for internal combustion engines having a water jacket, an upright radiator shell having a water chamber communicating with the water jacket of the engine for the circulation of water therethrough, a series of upright air tubes extendin vertically through the water chamber and open at the bottom to the atmosphere, an air chamber covering the upper ends of the tubes and communicating therewith, an air pump, a conduit connecting the intake side of the pump to said air chamber, and an additional pipe connecting the outlet ot the pump to the atmosphere whereby theair will be positively circulated from the bottom upwardly through the air tubes of the radiator, said air' outlet conduit of the pump being provided with a valve for regulating the amount of air passing therethrough.

4. In a cooling system for internal combustion engines having a water jacket, an upright radiator shell having-a water chamber communicating with the water jacket of the engine for the circulation of water therethrough, a series of upright air tubes ex tending vertically through the water chamher and open at the bottom to the atmosphere, an air chamber covering the upper ends of the tubes and communicating therewith, an air pump, a conduit connecting the intake side of the pump to said air chamber, and an additional pipe connecting the outlet of the pump to the atmosphere whereby the air will be positively circulated from the bottom upwardly through the air tubes of the radiator, said air intake conduit, and air outlet conduit being provided with separate valves for regulating the amount of air passing therethrough;

5.. In a cooling system for internal combustion engines having a water jacket, an upright radiator shell having a water chamber communicating with the water acket oi the engine for the circulation of water therethrough, a series of upright air tubes extending vertically through the water chamber and open at the bottom to the atmosphere, an air chamber covering the upper ends of the tubes and communicating therewith, an air pump, a conduit leading from the intake side of the air pump to the atmosphere and a pipe connecting the outlet of the pump to said air chamber whereby atmospheric air drawn into the intake side of the pump will be delivered through the outlet pipe to the air chamber, and thence downwardly through the air tubes of the radiator. v

6. In a cooling system for internal com bustion engines having a water jacket, an upright radiator shell having a water chamber communicating with the water jacket of the engine for the circulation of water therethrough, a series of upright air tubes extending vertically through the water chamber and open at the bottom to the atmosphere, an air chamber covering the upper ends of the tubes and communicating therewith, an air pump, an air conduit having its upper end communicating with the air chamber and its lower end provided with a branch passage opening into the intake side of the pump and also provided with another branch passage leading to the. 

